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- WORLD, Page 30THE KOREASWary Hands Across the DMZ
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- The cold war's last combatants sign a nonaggression pact -- but
- their pressing nuclear issue remains unresolved
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- North Korean Prime Minister Yon Hyong Muk sounded anything
- but upbeat as he described the mood of "gloom" after 15 months
- of fruitless discussions between Pyongyang and Seoul. But at the
- fifth round of talks last week, Yon's spirits took a sudden
- upturn when his South Korean host and counterpart, Chung Won
- Shik, dropped an unexpected secret: removal of the last
- American nuclear weapon on Korean soil was complete. That
- announcement, long sought by Pyongyang, broke the negotiating
- logjam. Twenty hours later, following an all-night session, the
- two sides announced agreement on a nonaggression accord that in
- effect ended their 41-year-old state of war. Said Chung at the
- signing ceremony Friday morning: "Today the tide of
- reconciliation and cooperation flowing worldwide has reached
- this land."
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- Perhaps. But skeptics were quick to point out that the two
- Koreas had seemed on the brink of peace before -- most notably
- in 1972 -- and failed to achieve real reconciliation. Nor,
- despite Seoul's unilateral concession on nukes, did the latest
- agreement mention the region's most pressing security concern:
- the North's rapid progress toward developing a nuclear bomb.
- Even Washington, South Korea's closest ally, coupled its pro
- forma congratulations with signals of misgivings over the lack
- of progress on the nuclear front.
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- Yet some were convinced that the adversaries in the cold
- war's last active confrontation might really be ready for peace.
- Chung Yong Suk, a professor of political science at Seoul's
- Dankook University, points out that the two sides for the first
- time used their official designations in signing the document,
- in effect according de facto recognition to each other. Kim Dae
- Jung, co-chairman of the South Korean opposition Democratic
- Party, called the pact a step through the "door of peace and
- reunification."
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- The accord calls for the two countries to re-establish
- links in the form of roads and communications. They will also
- set up a liaison office to help reunite some 10 million
- families separated by the peninsula's hostilities from 1950 to
- 1953 and the long standoff that followed. These human bonds have
- long been sought by South Korean President Roh Tae Woo and
- opposed by the xenophobic regime of North Korea's Kim Il Sung.
- Pyongyang's about-face seems to reflect its concern over growing
- diplomatic isolation and sharp setbacks to its own economy.
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- The pact's failure to deal with the nuclear issue is a
- serious but not necessarily fatal flaw. The two sides agreed to
- take it up in separate negotiations scheduled to get under way
- this week in the border village of Panmunjom. If Pyongyang
- shows that it is not merely playing for time, the two
- governments plan to hold further meetings in February, with a
- summit between Roh and Kim a much touted possibility.
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- -- By William R. Doerner. Reported by Richard Hornik/Hong
- Kong and K.C. Hwang/Seoul
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